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  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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    • 专利摘要:
    1421876 Detoxification of cyanides JENAPHARM VEB 30 April 1974 [10 May 1973] 18829/74 Heading C1C A process for the detoxification of cyanides or cyanide-containing solutions is described wherein the solution is pre-heated by heat exchange, fed to a tubular reactor with a laminar pressure flow, and the hydrolysis of the cyanide initiated by a temperature shock at 200-250‹ C., 40- 150 atm. The temperature shock may be produced by heat of reaction (e.g. by adding cone. sulphuric acid) or very sudden heating. A device for carrying out the process is also described.
    公开号:SU791607A1
    申请号:SU742023362
    申请日:1974-05-08
    公开日:1980-12-30
    发明作者:Шмидт Йоахим；Бамберг Вольфганг；Грунерт Хартмут；Шорм Эрхард；Вайгельт Кристиан
    申请人:Феб Йенафарм, Йена (Инопредприятие)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    one
    The invention relates to a device for the neutralization of cyanide and cyanogen-containing solutions and can be used in the disposal of waste by hydrolysis using the method of chemical, tannic and chemical production.
    A device for neutralizing cyanides and cyan-containing solutions is known, which includes a column for pre-stripping 10 of free ammonia, carbonic and hydrocyanic acids, hydrogen sulfide, a heat exchanger, a heater, a reactor, and dosing devices 1.15
    The specified device does not allow to achieve a high degree of sewage disposal, the process is lengthy, and the device itself is complex in its design and operation / 20, and also requires a large area.
    This technique is known to be closest to the invention according to its technical essence and to the effect achieved, a device for neutralizing cyanide-containing 25 wastewaters, including a jacketed reaction apparatus and a metering pump 21.
    The disadvantages of the known device include: low production
    its capacity, so that the throughput of 1 kg of water containing cyanides per 1 liter of the volume of the reaction space for 4 hours is 0.25 kg / pL (reaction space); the process is long, about 4 hours; the degree of neutralization is low: the final concentration of cyanides in the neutralized solution is 0.7 mg of cyanide ions per liter of solution; periodic neutralization process.
    The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of the device and the degree of neutralization, shortening the process time.
    The goal is achieved by the fact that the device is equipped with heaters, one of which is located between the metering pump and the reaction apparatus, while the input of the other heater is connected to the jacket of the device, and the output to its entrance.
    FIG. 1 shows the device, a general view, and FIG. 2 version of it when using the heat of a chemical reaction.
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    The device comprises a metering pump 1, a heater 2, a jacketed reaction apparatus 3, and a second heater 4 or, in the embodiment (FIG. 2), a metering pump 5 for sulfuric acid and a mixing device (nozzle) 6 for mixing the acid with a suction drain. The device works as follows. The device is preheated prior to by means of a heat carrier passing successively; “By pump 1, heater 2, rub a cup of the reaction apparatus 3, sec heater 4 or mixing process 6 and apparatus. After heating the device, pump 1 supplies the neutralized water containing metallic cyanides, organic cyanides and complex-bound cyanides of various concentrations. Moreover, both concentrated cyanide-containing solutions and diluted solutions can be disinfected in the device. The latter passes through the heater 2, the jacket of the reaction vessel 3 and then comes with a temperature of 150-200 0 to the heater 4 (electric peak heater), where the water temperature is raised to 230-250®С. At this temperature, the hydrolysis of the cyanide solution is carried out for 5 minutes, leading to its neutralization. The products of hydrolysis are formates (biologically harmless and easily degradable) and ammonia, which can be distilled off. Moreover, depending on the pH of the initial solution, the products of hydrolysis can be isolated in the form of salts. An increase in the temperature of the decontaminated solution with to alkaline effluent is also possible as a result of a chemical reaction. When using a mixing nozzle, it is necessary that the ratio of its cross section and cross section of the inlet of the rehesion apparatus is 1: 25-1: 40. The pressure in the proposed device in the process of neutralization in the range of 40-150 atm. The neutralized solution with a temperature of 230-250 C from the peak electric heater 4 or the mixing device enters the reaction apparatus 3, where it gives off heat to the incoming neutralizable solution in the jacket of the apparatus and exits through the outlet. The capacity of the proposed device is 12 kg / hl reaction space, while reaching the final concentration of cyanide ions 0.1 mg per 1 liter of the solution to be disinfected. The disposal time is about 5 minutes. The process is continuous. The device requires a small area. For the disposal of 500 liters of solution in 1 hour, less than 1 m of the main area is required. The device is suitable for disposal for both small amounts of waste and large quantities. The energy consumption of the device is 0.03 kW per 1 kg of solution, but it can be reduced using the heat of a chemical reaction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A device for the neutralization of cyanides and cyanogen-containing solutions, comprising a reaction apparatus, which is different. In order to increase its productivity and degree of neutralization, reduce the duration of the process, it is equipped with preheaters, one of which is located between the metering pump and the reaction apparatus, while the input of the other preheater is connected to the jacket of the apparatus, and the output with its input . Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1.Patent of Germany, 1051210, 85 s, 1, 1972.
    [2]
    2. UK Patent No. 1244786 С 1 А, cl. C 01 C 1/24 from 2.09.71 (prototype).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    JPS5916513B2|1984-04-16|
    DE2350545A1|1974-12-05|
    NL178678B|1985-12-02|
    FR2228723B1|1976-06-25|
    AT330685B|1976-07-12|
    NL178678C|1986-05-01|
    DE2350545B2|1977-05-12|
    AU6270673A|1975-03-27|
    NL7406254A|1974-11-12|
    CH596102A5|1978-02-28|
    RO67825A|1980-10-30|
    BE835634A|1976-03-16|
    JPS5763191A|1982-04-16|
    JPS503080A|1975-01-13|
    FR2228723A1|1974-12-06|
    BR7403801D0|1974-12-03|
    ES442687A3|1977-08-16|
    CS173245B1|1977-02-28|
    GB1421876A|1976-01-21|
    ATA371074A|1975-09-15|
    DD109365A1|1974-11-05|
    YU308380A|1983-02-28|
    AU459406B2|1975-03-27|
    IT1015938B|1977-05-20|
    CA1005584A|1977-02-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPS5222557Y2|1974-07-25|1977-05-24|
    AT341238B|1975-06-27|1978-01-25|Vmw Ranshofen Berndorf Ag|METHOD OF THERMAL CYANIDE DEGRADATION OF USED CATHODE LINES OF ALUMINUM ELECTROLYSIS CELLS|
    DE2553840C3|1975-11-29|1981-01-29|Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen|Pressure hydrolytic treatment of waste water|
    JPS5549675B2|1976-08-09|1980-12-13|
    JP3746300B2|1997-08-11|2006-02-15|株式会社荏原製作所|Hydrothermal electrolysis method and apparatus|
    JP6856335B2|2016-09-06|2021-04-07|株式会社ディスコ|Processing equipment|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DD17084473A|DD109365A1|1973-05-10|1973-05-10|
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